High carbohydrate intakes may predict more inflammatory status than high fat intakes in pre-menopause women with overweight or obesity: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Objective The associations between dietary carbohydrate, fat intake, and inflammation are controversial. Most existing data from industrialized societies which low-carbohydrate high-fat diet is common so their attribution to other populations remains unclear. We evaluated the association of carbohydrate intakes with inflammatory markers in pre-menopause women overweight or obesity Iran. Results Three hundred sixty body mass index (BMI) ? 25 were included this study. levels monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) indicated a trend towards significance across tertiles total carbohydrate. found that galectin-3 negatively associated adjusted model. In addition, MCP-1 transforming growth factor beta (TGF-?) positively correlated No significant relationship was demonstrated parameters intake). However, there borderline negative intake TGF-? level Therefore, related elevated risk, while not higher inflammation. This study suggests reconsideration applying global guidelines high diet.